| Ruler | Reign (CE) | Yrs | Father | Mother | Persian Name | فارسی |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Three Founding Brothers1 | ||||||
| Ali (Imad al-Dawla) | 934–949 | 15 | Abu Shuja Buyaa Daylamite boatman2 | unknown | Ali ebn-e Būye | علی بن بویه |
| Hasan (Rukn al-Dawla) | 935–976 | 41 | Abu Shuja Buyabrother of Ali | unknown | Hasan ebn-e Būye | حسن بن بویه |
| Ahmad (Mu’izz al-Dawla) | 945–967 | 22 | Abu Shuja Buyabrother of Ali & Hasan3 | unknown | Ahmad ebn-e Būye | احمد بن بویه |
| Unification under Adud al-Dawla4 | ||||||
| Adud al-Dawla | 949–983 | 34 | Hasan (Rukn al-Dawla) | unknown | Fannā Khosrow | فنا خسرو |
| Samsam al-Dawla | 983–987 | 4 | Adud al-Dawla | unknown | Marzobān ebn-e Fannā Khosrow | مرزبان بن فنا خسرو |
| Sharaf al-Dawla | 987–989 | 2 | Adud al-Dawlabrother of Samsam al-Dawla | unknown | Shāpūr ebn-e Fannā Khosrow | شاپور بن فنا خسرو |
| Baha al-Dawla | 989–1012 | 23 | Adud al-Dawlabrother of Sharaf al-Dawla | unknown | Fīruz ebn-e Fannā Khosrow | فیروز بن فنا خسرو |
| Sultan al-Dawla | 1012–1024 | 12 | Baha al-Dawla | unknown | Abū Shujā ebn-e Fīruz | ابوشجاع بن فیروز |
| Abu Kalijar (Imad al-Din) | 1024–1048 | 24 | Sultan al-Dawla | unknown | Abū Kālījār | ابوکالیجار |
| Final Collapse5 | ||||||
| Al-Malik al-Rahim | 1048–1055 | 7 | Abu Kalijar | unknownlast Buyid ruler of Baghdad | Khosrow Fīruz | خسرو فیروز |
| Fulad Sutun | 1048–1062 | 14 | Abu Kalijarbrother of Al-Malik al-Rahim | unknownlast Buyid ruler anywhere | Fulād Sotun | فولادستون |
1 Almost every Buyid ruler is known to history by a grand Arabic honorific title (laqab) granted by the Abbasid caliph — Imad al-Dawla (“Pillar of the State”), Rukn al-Dawla (“Support of the State”), Mu’izz al-Dawla (“Fortifier of the State”) and so on — rather than by personal name alone; these titles are given alongside personal names in this table.
2 The three founding brothers were sons of Abu Shuja Buya, a Daylamite boatman or fisherman of no recorded rank, who rose through Ziyarid military service. Their swift ascent from soldiers of fortune to rulers of Iran and Iraq within a single generation is one of the most striking in medieval Islamic history.
3 Ahmad (Mu’izz al-Dawla) entered Baghdad in 945 and reduced the Abbasid caliph to a ceremonial figure with no independent political or military power — a subordination the caliphate would not fully escape for the next century, first under the Buyids and then the Seljuks.
4 Adud al-Dawla, Rukn al-Dawla’s son, briefly reunified the family’s scattered territories under his own personal rule and revived the ancient Persian imperial title “Shahanshah” (King of Kings), unused since the fall of the Sasanians four centuries earlier — a deliberate invocation of pre-Islamic Persian kingship by a Shi’a Muslim dynasty. He also built the Band-e Amir dam near Shiraz, still partly in use today.
5 After Adud al-Dawla’s death in 983 the realm fragmented repeatedly among cousins and brothers ruling separate branches in Fars, Ray/Jibal and Iraq. The Sunni Seljuk Turks, invited into Baghdad as protectors of the caliph, ended Buyid rule there in 1055; the last Buyid branch, in Fars, was extinguished around 1062.